Physical and Chemical properties

Phases of Matter

Each phase of matter has its own chemical and physical properties. The phases of matter you need to know are:

• Solid – a solid has a definite shape and volume
• Liquid – a liquid has a definite volume, but can change shape
• Gas – the shape and volume of a gas can change

Phase Changes

These phases of matter can change from one to another. Remember the definitions of the following phase changes:

• Melting – melting occurs when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
• Boiling – boiling is when a substance changes from a liquid to a gas
• Condensing – condensation is when a gas changes to a liquid
• Freezing – freezing is when a liquid changes to a solid

Physical & Chemical Changes

The changes that take place in substances may be categorized in two classes:

• Physical Change – does not produce a new substance (e.g., phase changes, crushing a can)
• Chemical Change – produces a new substance (e.g., burning, rusting, photosynthesis)

Solutions

A solution results from combining two or more substances. Making a solution can produce either a physical or chemical change. You can tell them apart this way:

• The original substances can be separated from one another if the solution produces only a physical change.
• The original substances cannot be separated from one another if a chemical change took place.

Here are some other examples of chemical reactions:

	raw egg becomes cooked egg
	cake mix becomes cake
	paper becomes ash
	steel becomes rust

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